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Yantra is a symbolic representation of divine
aspects. It is an interlacing of geometrical figures, combinations of
triangles, circles and floral patterns. In modern times it can be
equated to a machine (yantra) made for a particular activity, operated
on electrical/thermal energies, yielding higher productivity in lesser
time (efficient tool). In a similar manner, a Yantra can be energized
(praana pratishta) by chanting the root mantra of a particular deity.
e.g., Shri yantra, Vaastu yantra, Vyapar vruddi yantra, Kaalsarp yog
yantra, Maha mrutyhumjaya yantra, Hanuman yantra, Shani yantra,
Santana gopal yantra, Shree saraswati yantra, Kumbera yantra, Lakshmi
ganesh yantra, Shree mangal yantra etc,.
These deities are installed by praana pratishta to remove dosha of a
particular aspect. Keeping yantras in a sacred place in
house/factory/office helps in cleansing the dosha.
Yantras will be effective along with corresponding mantra, after
performing praana pratishta by by chanting the related root mantra,
followed by homam of related deity.
Yantra – the concept. |
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The Concept of Yoga.
What is Yoga?
The Practical techniques of Yoga date back more than 10,000 years. In
ancient times, the desire for greater personal freedom, health and
long life, and heightened self-understanding gave birth to this system
of physical and mental exercise which has since spread throughout the
world. The word Yoga means “to join or yoke together,” and it brings
the body and mind together into one harmonious experience and The
unique contact with the Supreme soul.
The whole system of Yoga is built on three main structures: exercise,
breathing, and meditation. The exercises of Yoga are designed to put
pressure on the glandular systems of the body, thereby increasing its
efficiency and total health. The body is looked upon as the primary
instrument that enables us to work and evolve in the world, and so a
Yoga student treats it with great care and respect. Breathing
techniques are based on the concept that breath is the source of life
in the body. The Yoga student gently increases breath control to
improve the health and function of both body and mind. These two
systems of exercise and breathing then prepare the body and mind for
meditation, and the student finds an easy approach to a quiet mind
that allows silence and healing from everyday stress. Regular daily
practice of all three parts of this structure of Yoga produce a clear,
bright mind and a strong, capable body.
Types of Yoga
There are over a hundred different schools of Yoga. Some of the most
well known are described below:
Hatha Yoga: The physical movements and postures, plus breathing
techniques. This is what most people associate with Yoga practice.
Raja Yoga: Called the “royal road,” because it incorporates exercise
and breathing practice with meditation and study, producing a
well-rounded individual.
Jnana Yoga: The path of wisdom; considered the most difficult path.
Bhakti Yoga: The practice of extreme devotion in one-pointed
concentration upon one’s concept of God.
Karma Yoga: All movement, all work of any kind is done with the mind
centered on a personal concept of God.
Tantra Yoga: A way of showing the unseen consciousness in form through
specific words, diagrams, and movements. One of the diagrams that is
used to show the joining of the physical and spiritual bodies is two
triangles superimposed upon one another. The downward-pointing
triangle represents the physical body, or the female aspect having to
do with work, action, and movement; the upward-pointing triangle
represents the spiritual body of support, energy, and vastness.
Kashmir Shaivism: This Yoga system states that everything in the
universe has both male and female qualities. In Kashmir Shaivism,
these male and female principles form an equal partnership, so
interdependent that they cannot be separated. The attraction between
them produces the ultimate union of opposites, creating the immense
complexity of the universe that we enjoy and celebrate. Unlike other
philosophies, Kashmir Shaivism is based in emotion rather than
intellect. In fact, Shaivism says that intellectual understanding by
itself will never lead us to the realization of the summit of Yoga.
The system's great exponents teach that the egotistical intellect
blocks our ability to fully experience our individual power.
History of Yoga
No one knows exactly when Yoga began, but it certainly predates
written history. Stone carvings depicting figures in Yoga positions
have been found in archeological sites in the Indus Valley dating back
5,000 years or more. There is a common misconception that Yoga is
rooted in Hinduism; on the contrary, Hinduism’s religious structures
evolved much later and incorporated some of the practices of Yoga.
(Other religions throughout the world have also incorporated practices
and ideas related to Yoga.)
The tradition of Yoga has always been passed on individually from
teacher to student through oral teaching and practical demonstration.
The formal techniques that are now known as Yoga are, therefore, based
on the collective experiences of many individuals over many thousands
of years. The particular manner in which the techniques are taught and
practiced today depends on the approach passed down in the line of
teachers supporting the individual practitioner.
One of the earliest texts having to do with Yoga was compiled by a
scholar named Patanjali, who set down the most prevalent Yoga theories
and practices of his time in a book he called Yoga Sutras (“Yoga
Aphorisms”) as early as the 1st or 2nd century B.C. or as late as the
5th century A.D. (exact dates are unknown). The system that he wrote
about is known as “Ashtanga Yoga,” or the eight limbs of Yoga, and
this is what is generally referred to today as Classical Yoga. Most
current adherents practice some variation of Patanjali’s system.
The eight steps of Classical Yoga are 1) yama, meaning “restraint” —
refraining from violence, lying, stealing, casual sex, and hoarding;
2) niyama, meaning “observance” — purity, contentment, tolerance,
study, and remembrance; 3) asana, physical exercises; 4) pranayama,
breathing techniques; 5) pratyahara, preparation for meditation,
described as “withdrawal of the mind from the senses”; 6) dharana,
concentration, being able to hold the mind on one object for a
specified time; 7) dhyana, meditation, the ability to focus on one
thing (or nothing) indefinitely; 8) samadhi, absorption, or
realization of the essential nature of the self. Modern Western Yoga
classes generally focus on the 3rd, 4th, and 5th steps.
Yoga probably arrived in the United States in the late 1800s, but it
did not become widely known until the 1960s, as part of the youth
culture’s growing interest in anything Eastern. As more became known
about the beneficial effects of Yoga, it gained acceptance and respect
as a valuable method for helping in the management of stress and
improving health and well-being. Many physicians now recommend Yoga
practice to patients at risk for heart complains, as well as those
with back pain , depression,taxation and many incurable problems of
body.
Yoga and Religion
Yoga is not a religion. It has no creed or fixed set of beliefs, nor
is there a prescribed godlike figure to be worshipped in a particular
manner. Religions for the most part seem to be based upon the belief
in and worship of things The image of Supreme Energy that exist
outside oneself. The core of Yoga’s philosophy is that everything is
supplied from within the individual. Thus, there is no dependence on
an external figure, either in the sense of a person or god figure, or
a religious organization.
The common belief that Yoga derives from Hinduism is a misconception.
Yoga actually predates Hinduism by many centuries. Ancient seals
unearthed in the Indus Valley provide clear evidence of widespread
Yoga practice earlier than 3,000 B.C.E. The techniques of Yoga have
been adopted by Hinduism as well as by other world religions. Yoga is
a system of techniques that can be used for a number of goals, from
simply managing stress better, learning to relax, and increasing
limberness all the way to becoming more self-aware and acquiring the
deepest knowledge of one’s own self.
The practice of Yoga will not interfere with any religion. Many
American Yoga Association students who have practiced Yoga intensively
for many years continue to follow the religious traditions they have
grown up in or adopted without conflict.
Who Can Practice Yoga?
Yoga is suitable for most adults of any age or physical condition.
Because of the nonstrenuous nature of our approach to exercise, even
those with physical limitations can find a beneficial routine of Yoga.
The program offers special techniques for those with physical
limitations due to age, illness, injury, substance abuse recovery,
obesity, or inactivity.
Experts do not recommend most Yoga exercises for women during
menstruation, for pregnant women, or for nursing mothers. Regular
practice of breathing and meditation, however, is encouraged. Experts
offer more suggestions.
Yoga and Children
Yoga exercises are not recommended for children under 16 because their
bodies’ nervous and glandular systems are still growing, and the
effect of Yoga exercises on these systems may interfere with natural
growth.. Yoga asans may pose for young children. Children may safely
practice meditation and simple breathing exercises as long as the
breath is never held. These techniques can greatly help children learn
to relax, concentrate, and reduce impulsiveness. Children trained in
these techniques are better able to manage emotional upsets and cope
with stressful events.
There is no doubt that Yoga postures (asans) and breathing techniques
affect the physical body. People these days commonly accept the fact
that such therapies as acupressure, neuromuscular massage, and
reflexology can have systemic effects due to pressure applied to
certain areas of the body. The physical basis for the effects of Yoga
asans may be related. The asans and breathing techniques provide a
deep massage and strong compression of the parts of the body where
endocrine glands are located. Many Yoga stretches seem to target the
nerves in the legs, arms, neck, and spine.
In sum, our position is that growth is in large measure controlled by
the glandular system. It is a vastly complicated process, and the
powerful physical and mental effects of Yoga asans may interfere with
natural growth.
How to Get Started
The best way to get started in Yoga is to find a qualified teacher .
This should be learned near Guru or Teacher who has a training and who
can give suggerstion when some error happens.One should learn the Yoga
with his /her own self and soul minutely.We shall always remember that
these are the correlation ship in between the soul and the supreme
being. |